Below is a collection of the latest studies and papers which are relevant to the marine ingredients industry. Links to IFFO studies will direct to the project pages.
Environmental impacts
![Shark](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/shutterstock_452535505.jpg?itok=MVf-FX_t)
- IFFO: When does fishing forage species affect their predators? (2017)
- SINTEF: Greenhouse gas emissions of Norwegian seafood products in 2017 (2017)
- FAO: Impacts of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture (2018)
- IFFO: The rise of aquaculture by-products: Increasing food production, value, and sustainability through strategic utilization (2018)
- IFFO: The sustainability of plant ingredients as fishmeal substitutes (2019)
- Nordic council of ministers: Global fisheries catches can be increased after rebuilding of fish populations: Project: Ecosystem Based FMSY Values in Fisheries Management (2019)
- University of Warwick: Distribution of plastic polymer types in the marine environment; A meta-analysis (2019)
- IPCC: Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (2019)
- IFFO: A more sophisticated way of looking at FIFO (Fish-In:Fish Out) ratios (2020)
- SINTEF: MEESO (2020)
- Michael J. MacLeod, Mohammad R Hasan, David Robb et al: Quantifying greenhouse gas emissions from global aquaculture (2020)
- Dewald Oosthuizen et al: Solar thermal process heat in fishmeal production: Prospects for two South African fishmeal factories (2020)
- University of British Columbia: Study: Ocean fish farming in tropics and sub-tropics most impacted by climate change (2020)
- Ray Hilborn et al.: Effective fisheries management instrumental in improving fish stock status (2020)
- University of Tasmania: Microplastic contamination in east Antarctic sea ice (2020)
- Duarte et al.: Rebuilding marine life (2020)
- University of Utrecht et al.: Fish as feed: Using economic allocation to quantify the Fish In : Fish Out ratio of major fed aquaculture species (2020)
- Christopher Costello, Ling Cao and Stefan Gelcich et al.: The future of food from the sea (2019-2020)
- Ray Hilborn, Caitlin Allen Akselrud, Henry Peterson, George A Whitehouse: The trade-off between biodiversity and sustainable fish harvest with area-based management (2020)
- Johnathan Napier and al.: Agriculture can help aquaculture become greener
- Cottrell: Time to rethink trophic levels in aquaculture policy (2021)
- Rosamond L. Naylor, Ronald W. Hardy, Dominique P. Bureau, Alice Chiu, Matthew Elliott et al: Feeding aquaculture in an era of finite resources (2009)
Fisheries Management
![Fisheries management](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/Pelagia_Aberdeen_100%20-%20Copy.jpg?itok=fnyK7Q-r)
- CEA consulting: Global Landscape Review of Fishery Improvement Projects (2020)
- CEA consulting: Global Landscape Review of Fishery Improvement Projects (2015)
- Nordic council of ministers: Global fisheries catches can be increased after rebuilding of fish populations: Project: Ecosystem Based FMSY Values in Fisheries Management (2019)
- Ray Hilborn: Measuring fisheries management performance (2020)
- Michael C. Melnychuk, Hiroyuki Kurota, Ray Hilborn and al.: Identifying management actions that promote sustainable fisheries (2021)
- Max Mossler: Fishery management is composed of small, concrete actions (2021)
- Ray Hilborn: The trade-off between biodiversity and sustainable fish harvest with area-based management (2020)
- Ovando, Caselle, Costello, Deschenes, Gaines, Hilborn, Liu: Assessing the population-level conservation effects of marine protected areas (2021)
Feed & nutrition
![Fish feed](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/fish%20feed%20farm%20hands2_0.jpg?itok=4f3rw650)
- NOFIMA: The barrier tissue of salmon is affected by zinc and omega-3 (2019)
- IFFO: A more sophisticated way of looking at Fish-In:Fish Out ratios (2020)
- University of Utrecht et al.: Fish as feed: Using economic allocation to quantify the Fish In : Fish Out ratio of major fed aquaculture species (2020)
- Takaya Saito et al.: Micronutrient supplementation affects transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of lipid metabolism in a dose-dependent manner (2020)
- Albert GJ Tacon and al.: Future Feeds: Suggested Guidelines for Sustainable Development (2021)
Human nutrition
![Lady eating salmon](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/shutterstock_1441226112.jpg?itok=qxIiI_yR)
- Elisabeth K Lund: Health benefits of seafood; Is it just the fatty acids? (2013)
- Beveridge, Thilsted, Phillips et al.: Meeting the food and nutrition needs of the poor: the role of fish and the opportunities and challenges emerging from the rise of aquaculture (2013)
- Ben Belton, Dave Little et al: Fish farms are helping to fight hunger (2018)
- Helen A Hamilton, Richard Newton et al.: Systems approach to quantify the global omega-3 fatty acid cycle (2020)
- Jessica A. Gephart, Christopher D. Golden, Franck Asche, Ben Belton, Cecile Brugere, Halley Froehlich: Scenarios for Global Aquaculture and Its Role in Human Nutrition (2020)
- Aldo Bernasconi and al: Effect of Omega-3 Dosage on Cardiovascular Outcomes - An Updated Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression of Interventional Trials (2020)
Fishmeal
![Pelagia Aberdeen](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/Pelagia_Aberdeen_0592_0.jpg?itok=IOJ08jNO)
![Fish oil](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/shutterstock_252226342.jpg?itok=I2zIC4Yl)
- Elisabeth K Lund: Health benefits of seafood; Is it just the fatty acids? (2013)
- Beveridge, Thilsted, Phillips et al: Meeting the food and nutrition needs of the poor: the role of fish and the opportunities and challenges emerging from the rise of aquaculture (2013)
Supply Chain/Responsible Supply
![Cargo ship](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/shutterstock_531344407.jpg?itok=5wHzQRNG)
- Seafish UK: The economic impacts of the UK sea fishing and fish processing sectors: An input-output analysis (2017)
- IFFO & GAA: Driving change in South East Asian trawl fisheries, fishmeal supply, and aquafeed (2019)
- Marit SheiOlsen and al.: Certifying the public image? Reputational gains of certification in Norwegian salmon aquaculture (2021)
Plant & additional raw materials
- IFFO: The sustainability of plant ingredients as fishmeal substitutes (2019)
- The Food and Land use Coalition: The Global Consultation Report of the Food and Land Use Coalition (2019)
- Brett D. Glencross, Johanna Baily, Marc H.G. Berntssen, Ronald Hardy, Simon MacKenzie, Douglas R. Tocher: Risk assessment of the use of alternative animal and plant raw material resources in aquaculture feeds (2019)
Regional focuses:
![Globe](/sites/iffo/files/styles/article_full/public/shutterstock_584669089%20%282%29.jpg?itok=7FO2GYRJ)